Our solution is the perfect tool to combat the challenges unique to public transportation, resulting in a more efficient system for both operators and passengers. The scalable and adaptable AFC solution modules can be tailored to suit the local needs and environment of each customer, and has been proven to increase ridership and fare revenue whilst reducing operation costs and fare loss.
Easy to configure and manage modules equips operators with the flexibility to accommodate different business and fare structures, and operating environments.
System Architecture
- The solution comprises different subsystems, namely Reloading System, On-Board system, Depot Computer System, and Central Computer System.
- Reloading System is a subsystem in which cardholders pay to cashier in return for e-money.
- On-board system comprises Bus Validator, Driver Console and Ticket Printer, and Electronic Ticketing Machine (Optional). While all of the above are with payment functions, cardholder can also reload his/her card at Electronic Ticketing Machine.
- Depot Computer System gathers and uploads transaction records from On-Board System, meanwhile Central Computer System, where all the transaction records are stored, sends across data to On-Board System via Depot Computer System.
Commuter buys AFC card at customer service centers or bus interchanges. The customer service counter is equipped with Reloading Terminal.
Upon boarding the bus, commuters tap AFC cards at Bus Validator installed on the bus. For fixed fare, commuters only tap at Bus Validator once upon entry. For distanced-based fare, commuters tap in and out in order to get the exact amount of fare deducted.
For commuters who pay in cash, drivers select the fare amount and print out paper receipts as tickets using Driver Console. A paper ticket with boarding stop, date and time, fare amount and security check-code will be printed.
For ticket inspection, ticket inspector with Ticket Inspector terminal checks the boarding and alighting stations, transaction amount and card information recorded in the cards. Inspector will check the printed paper tickets for commuters who pay in cash.
Transaction records are uploaded to and blacklist is downloaded from Central Computer. Bus Validator communicates to Central Computer on regular basis via mobile communication (GPRS/WiFi). Communication between Reloading Terminal and Central Computer is done via LAN network.
Central Computer checks transaction certificate to ensure that there is no tampering of transaction record. It also checks the debit certificate to ensure that the money is indeed debited from the card by the said terminal.
With the transaction records, Central Computer can generate different kinds of report and analysis, e.g. topup statistics, debit statistics, bus report, bus line report, ridership analysis, etc.
Featured Components
Reloading Terminal
Reloading Terminal
The Reloading Terminal is a secure and feature-rich smart card terminal for reloading stored value into AFC cards. The Reloading Terminal equipped with Load SAM (LSAM) is capable of Triple DES mutual authentication with AFC cards to ensure the security of card reload.
Key Features
- 32-bit ARM 9 processor running on embedded Linux
- Support for ISO14443 Type A & B and MiFare Cards
- 2 SAM card slots and 2 full-sized contact card slots
- USB Full Speed (host and client) and RS232 Serial Interface for extensive upgradability
- Secure PIN Entry (SPE) support
- Card Transaction Row-back and Recovery
Bus Validator
Bus Validator
The Bus Validator is designed specifically for use in AFC systems on buses, for validating and debit of AFC cards. The Bus Validator performs mission-critical functions and completes every transaction within 0.3 seconds. With various communication interfaces (GPRS, 3G, Wi-Fi), the Bus Validator can be connected to the Driver Console and other on-board IT systems for a broad range of functions.
Key Features
- 32-bit ARM 11 processor running on embedded Linux
- Support for ISO14443 Type A & B, MiFare, NFC
- Circuit Reverse, Over-Voltage and Under-Voltage Protection
- 4 or 8 SAM card slots
- GPS
- Connectivity: USB, WiFi 802. 11 b/g, Bluetooth, GPRS, HSPA, Ethernet
- Certification: EMV L1 & L2, PBOC3.0
Driver Console & Ticket Printer
Driver Console & Ticket Printer
The Driver Console is an intelligent control panel for bus drivers to issue paper tickets for cash payment and monitor statuses of the Bus Validators installed on buses. It is connected to the Bus Validator and Ticket Printer. Its 4 LEDs and a 12-key capacitive touch keypad interface allows drivers to quickly and easily control the system.
Key Features
- Dual Modes: PC-linked & Standalone Modes
- USB 2.0 (Full Speed, 12 Mbps)
- High Performance 32-bit MCU
- 12-key Capacitive Touch Keypad
- Real-time Clock
- Tamper Switch
- Certification: CE, FCC, RoHS
Electronic Ticketing Machine
Electronic Ticketing Machine
The Electronic Ticketing Machine is a portable terminal for bus conductors or ticket sellers to reload AFC cards and issue paper tickets for cash payment. It can be used as Ticket Inspector to check the validity of AFC cards. With the high speed A8 core, it offers high processing speed, various modes for connectivity and large memory. The built-in terminal printer on the device allows fast receipt printing for passengers.
Key Features
- A8 processor running on embedded Linux
- Support for ISO14443 Type A & B, MiFare, NFC
- 2 SAM card slots and 1 full-sized contact card slot
- Connectivity: USB, Wi-Fi, GPRS, WCDMA
- Portable with rechargeable battary sustaining 10-12 hours operation
- Termal printer
Depot Computer System
Depot Computer System
The Depot Computer System is a PC-based software to download transaction files from Bus Validators, and to upload configuration files and hotlist files to Bus Validators via local area network. It acts as a data concentrator to handle data exchange between front-end and Central Computer System on regular basis.
Key Features
- Collects transaction data from Bus Validator and submits it to the Central Computer System
- Downloads configuration data from the Central Computer System and uploads it to Bus Validators
- Monitors the status of Bus Validator
- Report generation
- Standard PC in LAN with Bus Validator
- Alarm for exceptional cases
Central Computer System
Central Computer System
The Central Computer System is the central clearing house system to verify and process transactions and to perform clearing and settlement functions. The Central Computer System comprises of six primary modules – the System Parameter, Card Management, Transaction Management, Operation Management, Report & Analysis, and Clearing & Settlement.
Key Features
- Validation of Transaction, POS Certificate and Debit and Credit Signatures
- E-purse ID and Transaction Counter Verification
- Transaction and Card Balance Audit
- Key Management System Interfacing
- Capable of multi-issuer and multi-acquirer systems
- High data integrity with database cluster, multiple levels of data backup, data recollection mechanisms and sound transaction processing techniques
- Multiple levels of authentication, authorization, firewall, Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) and Hardware Security Module (HSM)